Got it - Next step is to remove the return line and see if there is any fuel coming out of the engine going back to tank.
If so, time to check the fuel pressure regulator.
If not, it's time to drop the tank and pull the sender/pickup/pump assembly.
You mentioned that the tank is ~1/2 full - You can drain it by disconnecting the line to the engine and running that into a container similar to what you showed in the last video. Over on the right (passenger) inner fender up by/behind the fuse box, there is a single red wire hanging out about 4-6" with a black female electrical terminal on it. With the key off, use a jumper wire and connect this red wire to the positive side of the battery (or the aux post on the fuse box) and it will power the fuel pump directly.
Drop the tank as noted by others in earlier posts. With it mostly empty, it's really not that bad of a job. If things are rusty, start spraying them down with penetrating oil regularly before you start.
You questioned how the system inside the tank could be bad if there is fuel coming out up at the engine.
Imagine a garden hose connected to your house, stretched out straight, no kinks, no spray nozzle, just an open end. You turn the handle on the faucet so water flows through the hose (same as turning the key on and powering the fuel pump). Water (fuel) comes out the other end - no problem, just like the test you have run on your car with the fuel line disconnected.
Now, in the middle of the hose, take a knife and cut a foot long slit along the length of the hose and repeat the test - water (fuel) comes out the end more/less the same as it did before, right? But if you put a nozzle or your thumb on the end of the hose, it won't build any pressure because all the water (fuel) goes out the slit. This is one scenario of what may be going on inside your fuel tank.
The other possible option is an issue with the fuel pump itself - Either electrical in nature (there's voltage to the pump, but not the ability to carry a load and therefore build pressure) or the pump itself has started to fail mechanically where it can push some fuel, but not build pressure.